在水利行業
、金融行業
、交(jiao)通(tong)行(xing)業(ye)等(deng)大(da)量(liang)使(shi)用(yong)監(jian)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)同(tong)時(shi)，安(an)全(quan)隱(yin)患(huan)也(ye)隨(sui)之(zhi)增(zeng)加(jia)。由(you)於(yu)監(jian)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)布(bu)線(xian)在(zai)幾(ji)十(shi)米(mi)到(dao)幾(ji)十(shi)公(gong)裏(li)不(bu)等(deng)，係(xi)統(tong)的(de)覆(fu)蓋(gai)麵(mian)積(ji)比(bi)較(jiao)大(da)，在(zai)雷(lei)雨(yu)來(lai)臨(lin)時(shi)，遭(zao)受(shou)雷(lei)電(dian)襲(xi)擊(ji)的(de)機(ji)會(hui)增(zeng)多(duo)。如(ru)果(guo)監(jian)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)任(ren)意(yi)一(yi)處(chu)防(fang)雷(lei)措(cuo)施(shi)沒(mei)做(zuo)好(hao)
，將(jiang)帶(dai)來(lai)災(zai)難(nan)性(xing)的(de)損(sun)失(shi)。
        網絡監控係統組成
        監控係統主要由前端係統、終端係統、傳(chuan)輸(shu)係(xi)統(tong)和(he)監(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心(xin)組(zu)成(cheng)。前(qian)端(duan)係(xi)統(tong)通(tong)常(chang)指(zhi)網(wang)絡(luo)攝(she)像(xiang)機(ji)，如(ru)果(guo)網(wang)絡(luo)攝(she)像(xiang)機(ji)分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)室(shi)外(wai)，它(ta)們(men)就(jiu)最(zui)易(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)雷(lei)電(dian)襲(xi)擊(ji)的(de)對(dui)象(xiang)

，當(dang)雷(lei)電(dian)襲(xi)擊(ji)前(qian)端(duan)係(xi)統(tong)後(hou)，會(hui)直(zhi)接(jie)通(tong)過(guo)傳(chuan)輸(shu)係(xi)統(tong)到(dao)達(da)監(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心(xin)，給(gei)監(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心(xin)造(zao)成(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)破(po)壞(huai)。如(ru)下(xia)圖(tu)所(suo)示(shi):
        雷電襲擊分為兩種襲擊方式
        leidianxijifenweiliangzhongxijifangshi，zhijileidianheganyingleidian。zhijileidiangumingsiyijiushileidianzhijiejizaiwangluoshexiangjishang，zhezhongleijifangshizaochengdepohuaizuiyanzhong
，danchuxiandejilvbijiaoxiao；感(gan)應(ying)雷(lei)電(dian)稱(cheng)為(wei)二(er)次(ci)雷(lei)電(dian)，它(ta)分(fen)為(wei)電(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應(ying)和(he)靜(jing)電(dian)感(gan)應(ying)兩(liang)種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)。當(dang)雷(lei)電(dian)擊(ji)打(da)在(zai)避(bi)雷(lei)針(zhen)上(shang)時(shi)
，在(zai)避(bi)雷(lei)針(zhen)下(xia)麵(mian)的(de)連(lian)接(jie)線(xian)周(zhou)圍(wei)，會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)瞬(shun)時(shi)強(qiang)大(da)的(de)電(dian)磁(ci)場(chang)
，在(zai)電(dian)磁(ci)場(chang)中(zhong)的(de)監(jian)控(kong)設(she)備(bei)和(he)傳(chuan)輸(shu)線(xian)會(hui)感(gan)應(ying)到(dao)較(jiao)大(da)的(de)電(dian)動(dong)勢(shi)，這(zhe)種(zhong)就(jiu)稱(cheng)為(wei)電(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應(ying)。當(dang)雷(lei)電(dian)雲(yun)出(chu)現(xian)在(zai)傳(chuan)輸(shu)線(xian)路(lu)上(shang)空(kong)時(shi)
，傳(chuan)輸(shu)線(xian)路(lu)會(hui)感(gan)應(ying)到(dao)與(yu)雷(lei)電(dian)雲(yun)相(xiang)反(fan)的(de)電(dian)荷(he)
，這(zhe)種(zhong)稱(cheng)為(wei)靜(jing)電(dian)感(gan)應(ying)。感(gan)應(ying)雷(lei)電(dian)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)破(po)壞(huai)沒(mei)有(you)直(zhi)擊(ji)雷(lei)電(dian)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)破(po)壞(huai)大(da)，但(dan)出(chu)現(xian)的(de)幾(ji)率(lv)卻(que)十(shi)分(fen)高(gao)。這(zhe)兩(liang)種(zhong)雷(lei)電(dian)襲(xi)擊(ji)方(fang)式(shi)也(ye)就(jiu)成(cheng)為(wei)監(jian)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)需(xu)要(yao)防(fang)範(fan)的(de)兩(liang)個(ge)方(fang)麵(mian)。
        防止雷電襲擊措施
　    防止雷電襲擊網絡監控係統有三種方式，防直擊雷電、防fang感gan應ying雷lei電dian和he綜zong合he防fang雷lei電dian。防fang直zhi擊ji雷lei電dian和he防fang感gan應ying雷lei電dian是shi一yi種zhong單dan一yi的de防fang雷lei方fang式shi
，它ta們men都dou采cai用yong單dan一yi的de防fang雷lei裝zhuang置zhi避bi雷lei。防fang直zhi擊ji雷lei電dian裝zhuang置zhi主zhu要yao有you避bi雷lei針zhen、避雷線
、避雷帶、避雷網等設施。防感應雷電主要采用避雷器防止雷電襲擊。綜合防雷電是在單個需要保護的設施上采用多種避雷裝置防止雷電襲擊。
　　jiankongxitongdewangluoshexiangjiyouliangzhongfenbumoshi，shiwaifenbuheshineifenbu，shineifenbudewangluoshexiangjijibenshangbuhuishoudaozhijileidianxiji。shiwaifenbudewangluoshexiangjijiuyoukenengshoudaozhijileidianxiji，yaofangfanshiwaifenbudewangluoshexiangjimianshouleidianqinxi，zuihaozaiwangluoshexiangjizhouwei3到4michuanzhuangbileizhen，tongguobileizhendedaoxianjiangleidiandaorudadi。womenqianmianhaitidaoleyixiebileizhuangzhi，zhexiebileizhuangzhidoushimianxiangdafanweidefanglei

，zaizhelibutaiheshi。wangluoshexiangjishitongguochuanshuxitongdexinhaoxianyujiankongzhongxinlianjie，chuanshuxitongdexinhaoxianjiashefenweiliangzhongfangshi，zhijiejiazaikongzhonghemaizaidili。jiangxinhaoxianmaizaidilishinenggouqidaoyidingdefangleixiaoguo
，danbingbushibaifenzhibaidenenggoufanglei，haixuyaojiangxinhaoxianzhuangrukongjianbijiaodadejinshuguannei，zaijinshuguandeqianduananzhuangjiedibileizhuangzhi，cainengyouxiaofangzhileidianxiji。jiazaikongzhongdexinhaoxianzuiyizaodaozhijileidianxiji，tongshiyerongyizaodaoganyingleidianxiji
，suoyiwomenxuyaozaixinhaoxiandeqianduananzhuangbileiqi
，tongshizaizhichengxinhaoxiandezhichengdianchuanzhuangjiedibileizhuangzhi，cainengzuidaxianduxianzhileidiangeijiankongxitongdailaideweihai。
　　監jian控kong中zhong心xin避bi雷lei是shi整zheng個ge監jian控kong係xi統tong避bi雷lei的de核he心xin，由you於yu監jian控kong中zhong心xin涉she及ji建jian築zhu物wu避bi雷lei
，監jian控kong設she備bei避bi雷lei
，隻zhi有you采cai用yong綜zong合he避bi雷lei方fang式shi才cai能neng有you效xiao防fang止zhi雷lei電dian的de侵qin襲xi。建jian築zhu物wu在zai修xiu建jian時shi都dou帶dai有you避bi雷lei針zhen，避bi雷lei網wang等deng，因yin此ci我wo們men就jiu無wu需xu考kao慮lv另ling外wai增zeng加jia建jian築zhu物wu避bi雷lei裝zhuang置zhi，需xu要yao注zhu意yi的de是shi我wo們men最zui好hao別bie將jiang監jian控kong設she備bei放fang在zai窗chuang戶hu旁pang邊bian，最zui好hao別bie將jiang監jian控kong設she備bei放fang在zai頂ding樓lou。室shi外wai的de監jian控kong設she施shi主zhu要yao通tong過guo信xin號hao線xian接jie入ru監jian控kong中zhong心xin，所suo以yi要yao在zai信xin號hao線xian接jie入ru點dian安an裝zhuang避bi雷lei器qi，防fang止zhi感gan應ying雷lei電dian
，還hai需xu要yao加jia載zai接jie地di避bi雷lei裝zhuang置zhi，防fang止zhi直zhi擊ji雷lei電dian。而er監jian控kong中zhong心xin內nei的de所suo有you電dian子zi設she備bei
，最zui好hao都dou用yong防fang雷lei接jie地di裝zhuang置zhi進jin行xing避bi雷lei，這zhe樣yang才cai能neng全quan方fang位wei的de保bao護hu監jian控kong中zhong心xin安an全quan。最zui後hou我wo們men需xu要yao注zhu意yi一yi點dian
，接jie地di裝zhuang置zhi電dian阻zu的de最zui小xiao化hua
，接jie地di電dian阻zu越yue大da，防fang雷lei效xiao果guo越yue差cha，應ying盡jin量liang將jiang接jie地di電dian阻zu控kong製zhi在zai4歐姆以內。
　    上shang麵mian隻zhi是shi一yi些xie基ji本ben的de防fang雷lei措cuo施shi，真zhen正zheng的de監jian控kong係xi統tong防fang雷lei需xu要yao對dui各ge方fang麵mian進jin行xing綜zong合he考kao慮lv，並bing且qie防fang雷lei技ji術shu也ye十shi分fen複fu雜za，對dui各ge種zhong防fang雷lei裝zhuang置zhi的de性xing能neng要yao求qiu也ye比bi較jiao高gao，不bu過guo大da家jia可ke以yi以yi上shang麵mian的de防fang雷lei方fang式shi作zuo基ji礎chu，在zai各ge個ge環huan節jie深shen入ru，就jiu能neng使shi監jian控kong係xi統tong最zui大da限xian度du免mian受shou雷lei電dian襲xi擊ji。